How is the valve positioned by the valve positioner?

Release time:

2026-04-07 15:22

  Valve positioners are classified according to their input signals into pneumatic valve positioners, electric valve positioners, and smart valve positioners. Pneumatic valve positioners receive standard pneumatic signals as input—such as a 20–100 kPa air signal—and produce standard pneumatic signals as output. Electric valve positioners, on the other hand, accept standard current or voltage signals as input—for example, a 4–20 mA current signal or a 1–5 V voltage signal—and internally convert these electrical signals into electromagnetic force before generating a pneumatic signal that is sent to the pilot control valve.
  Based on the direction of action, valve positioners can be classified as unidirectional or bidirectional. A unidirectional valve positioner is used with piston-type actuators and operates in only one direction, whereas a bidirectional valve positioner acts on both sides of the cylinder in a piston-type actuator, thereby providing operation in two directions.
  Valve positioners are classified as direct-acting or reverse-acting based on the sign of the gain between their output and input signals. In a direct-acting valve positioner, an increase in the input signal results in an increase in the output signal, yielding a positive gain. In a reverse-acting valve positioner, an increase in the input signal leads to a decrease in the output signal, resulting in a negative gain.
  Based on whether the valve positioner’s input signal is analog or digital, valve positioners can be classified as conventional valve positioners and fieldbus electric valve positioners. Conventional valve positioners accept analog pneumatic, current, or voltage signals as inputs, whereas fieldbus electric valve positioners accept digital signals from the fieldbus as inputs.